Oil burner



N. F. PRATT OIL BURNER May 7, 1929.

ile S p 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet INVENTOR. Norman F. Pratt BY 7Za4mz,-7nuo%/Ww A TTORNEY-S May 7, 1929. PR T 1,711,965

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. Norman E Pratt ATTORNEY-3 N. F. PRATT May 7, 1929.

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 8, 1927 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVENTOR. Pral' E Norman F.

BY 772mm,

ATTORNEYS May7, 1929. v fi 1,711,965

' OIL BURNER I Filed Sept. 8, 192'? 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTOR. Norman E Pratt A TTORNEY-S Patented May 7, 1929.

UNITED STATES NORMAN r. PRATT, or JACKSONVILLE, FLORIDA.

OIL BURNER.

Application filed September 8, 1927. Serial No. 218,242.

This invention relates to oil burners, particularly in improved means for preliminarily heating the oil generator for, the purpose of forming proper ignition characteristic to oil as it is allowed to flow into the oil genera-tor.

An object of this invention is, to make it possible to burn oil in such a manner as to substitute for fuel gas in gas burning appliances, and also to take the place of other fuels in appliances adapted for other fuels, thus making it possibleto use gas burning appliances where fuel gas is not available and where other fuels are either not available or more costly to use than the fuel produced from oil. a

One of the main objects of this invention is to provide a means whereby cheap oil may be used to advantage, thus affording a saving over the use of fuel gas or other fuel.

Another object of this invention isLto provide a primer flame for the oil vapor generator consisting primarily of a suitably formed gas jet located within operative distance of the generator and preferably connected with the fuel gas mains. The oil Vapor generator is heated to the desired point before the oil is admitted therein.

A further object of this inventionis to provide an oil burner having a lightprimer flame in combination with the oil vapor generator arranged in such a manner that the oil burner may be readily adapted to be used in coal ovens, vertical tubular boilers, ranges, reel ovens and the like..

Another object of this invention is to provide an oil burner having in combination a primer light for primarily heating the generator and a series of main and auxiliary jets, the auxiliary jets being located within operative distance of the oil vapor generator in such a manner that they may take the place of the primer flame as soon as the oil in the generator becomes properly heated and the burner functions satisfactorily. The auxiliary jets will replace the primer jets which are merely supplied from the ordinary gas mains.

Other objects of this invention will appear from the following detailed description of the device and as disclosed in the four sheets of drawings which are herewith made a part ofthis application.

In the drawings- 1 Figure 1 illustrates a plan view of the oil vapor generator with sections broken away disclosing the portion of the needle valve and theoil wicks within the generator.

Figure 2 illustrates a perspective view of the oil burner disclosing the light primer ets, auxiliary tionship. H

Figure 3 illustrates a perspective view of a modified form of the oilburner, according to this invention. y

Figure 4 illustrates a sectional view of a container for the. flexible conduit leading from the oil fuel line. i i I Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of a modified form oftheoil burner, according to this invention, including in combination a primer light, auxiliary jets and main jets.

Fig. 6 representsa sectional view of the by-. pass in its relationship to the chamber member and the openings in the chamber member for cooperating withthe bypass.

The oil burner, according to this invention, comprises primarily, in combination, an oil vapor generator 1, a light primer jet 2 for preliininarilyheating the oil vapor generator 1, and a series of auxiliary jets '3 for heating the oil vapor generator after the primer lights have been eliminated. The auxiliary jets 3 are supplied from the oil vapor fuel, after the admixture of air tothe fuel, while the primer jets are supplied from the ordinary fuelgas mains through an opening as at 4. The auxiliary jets are ordinarily lighted from the primer jets and after the flame has been suitably regulated, the primer ets are turned out. In this invention,it is preferred that the oil vapor generator 1 be constructed approximately as disclosed in Figure 1 wherein the main body portion of the generator is formed of suitable tubular portions into all shaped structure as at 5. The object of the V shape is to provide a structure in which the main barrels of the generator shall be readily'accessible for cleaningand for inspection. The oil is adapted to enter the generator through the entering element 6 which may be threaded to receive a flexible hollow wire or tube 7 extendingto the oil fuel supply, not shown.

The tubular portions of the oil vapor gen erator 1 are provided with suitable helical wire oil wicks 8 and 9 in order to circulate the oil properly within the tubular portions as it is being heated. In regard to the wire wicks it may bestated that thesuccessive helicesor adjacent turns of the wick are not in contact to ets and mainjets in operative rela- I one with the other, but are so nearly so as to induce the capillary attraction necessary to propel the oil around the wicks, thus presenting a greater surface for vaporization. One of the objects of the helical wire wicks not be ing in contact is that greater space is provided for deposition of gag-hon formed in the vaporizing process. Th3 third function of the wicks is that when the wicks are withdrawn in order to clean the retort, the major part of the depositivc carbon is withdrawn from the retort barrels with the wicks. The utility end of the generator is provided with an extension 10 having a passageway 11 therein for allowing the fuel oil vapor to pass from the generator through a needle valve 12 into the receiving portion 13 of the oil burner. The needle valve arrangement connected with the oil vapor generator may be of any suitable type having a threaded valve stem 14 positioned within the. properly formed housing 15, the inner end of the stem 14 being provided with a valve stem stop 16 and the needle 12, the stop 16 being merely an element to limit the movement of the valve stem inwardly and outwardly.

In order to easily dismantle the needle valve, it is preferred that the housing 15 of the stem 14 be provided with threaded portions 17 in such a manner that the valve elements may be easily separated and the stem stop 16 and needle 12 removed from the device for repairs or otherwise. Numeral 12 designates a nozzle or orifice plug.

It has been found from experiment that the oil vapor generator 1 should be brought to a heated condition prior to the admission of the oil therein and for this purpose, a light primer flame is provided preferably through the installation of a gas jet 2 positioned in operative relationship to the generator 1, as clearly disclosed in Figures 2, 3 and 5 of the drawings. The form of the gas jet 2 may be of any desirable shape arranged in such a manner that the gas jets 18, when ignited, will function to heat the lineal extent of the generator to a proper temperature The fuel for heating the jet 2 may be obtained from any suitable source such as the fuel gas mains through the opening 4 and regulated by means of a valve 19. When the oil vapor generator 1 has been properly heated, the gas may be turned off by means of the valve 19. The light primer flame issuing from the openings 18 in the gas jet 2 should be clear, smokeless, not too high, and located so as to produce an eflicient heating effect on the oil generator On the supply gas lines 4 from the fuel gas mains, a suitable air mixing device 20 is located.

After the oil has become properly heated within the generator and the vapor has passed through the needle valve into the oil burner receptacle 1-3, the light primer flame may be eliminated for the reason that the flame from the oil generator itself may then function to produce the necessary heat for the generator by means of the auxiliary jets 8 which are positioned at suitable intervals within efficient heating distance of the generator 1 throughout its length. The jet elements 3 are preferred, in this invention, to be removable, situated immediately below the generator when in position, and the flames are projected upwardly vertically. Tt has been found from experiment that the priming flame is used a relatively short time and for this reason the primer gas burner is arranged so that its jets or flames are projected at an angle to strike the generator, the purpose of this arrangement being to prime the small auxiliary or generator jets to be positioned, without interference, immediately under the generator when in position so that they may be project their flames normally upwardly in a vertical direction. l he Oll Vapor for the jets 3 is obtained through the circulation of the oil vapor through the burner member 13 and by-pass 21 into the passages 22 to which the auxiliary jets 3 are connected in open communication. The receiving member portion 13 for the oil vapor is not only arranged in open communication with the jets 8, but also with the main body portion 23 of the oil burner which may be of tubular structure or otherwise, as desired, and have attached in open communication thereto a series of burner jets 24.

In the'modification of this invention as disclosed in Figure 2, the oil vapor generator 1 is adapted to be fastened securely to the oil burner body portions as at in any suitable manner, the oil being adapted to enterthe oil vapor generator 1 at 6 and deliver through the needle valve 12 into the receiving member 13 after it has become an oil vapor. The hollow portions 21 and 22 are connected with the receiving receptacle 13 in some manner, preferably by casting or welding the elements together in one integral part, but the elements 18, 21 and 22 may be threaded and screwed together. Proper legs or standards 26 and 27 are provided for supporting the oil burner and the primer light is supplied from the fuel gas mains through the line connection 4, valve 19, gas air mixture 20, and the gas burner 2, having openings 18 therein.

It is to be understood that various modifications of the structure in this oil generator may be made without afiecting the merits of the invention, such as Figure 8 which illustrates a perspective view of the oil burner having a main body portion 28, jet elements 29 arranged in open communication with a chamber member 80, by-pass 31 and portions 32 adapted to have extended therefrom in open communication auxiliary detachable jet elements 3 3. The by-pass 31 is arranged to cooperate with the chamber 30 in such a manner that it will register with openings 56 and 57, formed in the chamber 30 by means of drilling or otherwise, the drill being adapted to extend through an opening 58 for the purpose of tapping through the diametrically opposite holes in the chamber 30, the drill being then removed through the opening 58 and the cap portion 59, located in position for the purpose of closing the opening 58. The by-pass 31 is arranged having a space surrounding the chamber 30, thereby allowing the proper mixing of the oil vapor and air in the same proportions as that delivered to the main jet elements 29. In this arrange ment, the oil generator 34 is adapted to be securely fastened to the main body portion of the device as at 35, 54 and 55, and extends therefrom in such a manner that the bypass 31 and auxiliary or generator jets 33 will function to provide the necessary heat to the generator 34, it being understood that a pri mary heatingelement may be provided for the generator 34 in a manner similar to that disclosed in Figure 2. In this connection it should be understood that the auxiliary or generator jets, in all of the modifications of this invention, should extend under both arms of the generator, as clearly disclosed in Figure 3. Suitable leg or standard elements 36 and 37 are provided. If desired, a suitable drain valve 38 may be connected to the by-pass for the purpose of draining oil vapors, liquids and the like.

Figure 5 illustrates a perspective view of the further modification of this invention wherein the oil burner portions 39, 40, 41, 42 and 43 are arranged in open communication for receiving the oil vapor from the oil generator 44 which is held in operative relationship to the device at 45, 52 and 53. Suitable jets 46 are connected to the receiving element 39 and auxiliary jets 47 to the members 43, it being understood that the jets 47 extend in operative relationship throughout the lineal length of the oil generator 44. The oil is adapted to be delivered into the generator through an opening 48 and from, thence as a vapor through a needle valve 49 into the receiving member 41. Suitable means for preliminarily heating the generator 44 is provided at 50.

Figure 4 designates a convenient means for holding the hollow wire adapted for connec tion with the oil receptacle and the generator. The casing 51 may be made of any desirable material and connected with the receiving end of the oil generator, thereby providing a convenient and inexpensive means for maintaining the hollow wire 7 in an undamaged conditionand easy of access when desired.

In operation, this invention provides an oil burner wherein a light primer flame is provided for the oil generator which should be clear and smokeless and not too high for obtaining the proper heating qualities. The oil is preferably supplied to the oil generator under a pressure of 50 lbs. and never less than 30 lbs. in order to obtain the best results. The generator is heated to a considerable extent by means of the light primer flame in order to initially vaporize the oil therein, after which the primer flame may be out off by merely turning the check valve on the gas line. A series of auxiliary jets leading from the main body portion of the oil burner will then function to properly heat the generator.

In this invention, the full control of flame is by means of a needle valve which is not a shut-01f valve, but serves the purpose of both regulating the flow of the gas out through the orifice 12 and also serves to keep the orifice 12 free of obstruction.

The oil burner, constructed according to this invention, may be easily adapted for service in hotel ranges, reel type bake ovens, deck type bake ovens, small steam boilers, water heaters, evaporators and the like.

It is to be understood that alterations and substitutions may be madein the above disclosure within the scope of the appended claims without alfecting the merits of this invention.

What I claim is 1. In an oil burner a main member portion, jet elements extending therefrom, a chamber extending in open communication from the main member, a by-pass surround ing the chamber, suitable openings in the chamber for registering with'the by-pass, an oil vapor generator for delivering oil vapor to the chamber.

2. In an oil burner a main member portion, jet elements extending therefrom, a chamber extending in open communication from the main member, a by-pass surrounding the chamber, suitable openings in the chamber for registering with the bypass, an oil vapor generatorfor delivering oil vapor to the chamber, auxiliary jet elements in open communication with the chamber.

I testimony whereof I atfix my signature.

- NORMAN F. PRATT. 

